Law is a set of rules that is enforceable through social institutions. There are three different categories of legal systems.
One is common law. Common law legal systems are based on a doctrine of precedent, meaning that a decision made by a higher court is binding on all lower courts.
Another is civil law. Civil law legal systems are usually less detailed and involve only judicial decisions.
Legal systems are generally divided into common law, civil law, and international law. These three categories are similar in that they all share features of common law.
Historically, law has been described as the art of justice. Law is a set of rules enforceable by governmental and social institutions. It shapes the economy, society, politics, and history.
The concept of “natural law” emerged in ancient Greek philosophy. Later, it entered the mainstream culture through the writings of Thomas Aquinas.
International law is governed by the United Nations, which has a General Assembly composed of representatives from each of the UN’s Member States. This body is responsible for promoting progressive development of international law. In addition, the Organization is charged with helping settle international disputes.
The most important United Nations dispute settlement organ is the International Court of Justice (ICJ). Since its founding in 1946, the ICJ has issued over 170 judgments.
In addition to settling international disputes, the ICJ has issued advisory opinions. Additionally, the ICJ has referred six cases to special chambers for further consideration.